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William Cullen was a Scottish physician and professor of medicine, best known for his innovative teaching methods amd forceful inspiring lectures, which drew medical students to Edinburgh from throughout the English-speaking world. During the period of these lectures, he was at the University of Edinburgh. A more detailed biographical sketch may be found at "William Cullen." Encyclopaedia Britannica Online Academic Edition. Encyclopaedia Britannica Inc., 2013. Web. 04 Sep. 2013. http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/146062/William-Cullen

Max A. Goldstein (1870-1941) was born in St. Louis and received his medical degree in 1892 from the Missouri Medical College, a precursor institution to Washington University School of Medicine. After an internship at St. Louis City Hospital, Dr. Goldstein traveled to Berlin, Strasbourg, London and Vienna as part of a grand tour to complete his medical training. His interest in otology, a new and promising field, led him to the internationally renowned Vienna Polyclinic to study with Dr. Adam Politzer (1835-1920), "father of modern otology." While in Vienna, Dr. Goldstein heard a series of lectures presented by Dr. Victor Urbantschitsch (1847-1921), a proponent of aural training for congenitally deaf children, and observed how deaf children could be taught speech by using acoustic training methods to stimulate dormant auditory senses.

Dr. Goldstein returned to St. Louis in 1895 to establish his medical practice. Within a year, Goldstein was appointed chair of Otology at Beaumont Medical College, an appointment that continued until 1912. In 1896 Goldstein founded a new medical journal, The Laryngoscope; he served as its editor from its first issue until his death in 1941. At the behest of Dr. Victor Urbantschitsch, Goldstein began teaching a class of sixteen girls at the St. Joseph's Institute for the Deaf using the Urbantschitsch acoustic training methods and provided instruction for teachers on how to apply these methods. These teaching sessions for deaf children and teachers of the deaf led to the idea of establishing an institute for the deaf in which an effective cooperation between teachers, otologists, and other specialties would develop. In 1914, Dr. Goldstein founded Central Institute for the Deaf (CID) in the rooms above his medical office. The first class consisted of four children and within two years construction began on a new separate school building.

By 1930, CID expanded to include a clinic for rehabilitation of deaf adults and research laboratories where scientists were recruited world-wide to study deafness. The teacher training program was affiliated with Washington University in 1931, the first deaf education program in the country affiliated with a university. Dr. Goldstein was made professor of research otology and speech pathology at Washington University that same year. He remained director of CID and professor until his death in 1941. By the time of Goldstein's death, CID had established an international reputation, with an enrollment of 300 students from the U.S. and several foreign countries.

Dr. Goldstein was also an avid collector of mechanical hearing devices including the first models of commercially made devices. The CID-Goldstein Historic Devices for Hearing Collection contains over 400 hearing devices dating from 1796 and represents one of the largest collections in the world. Associated with the collection is archival material dating from the 19th century including patents, photographic prints, catalog illustrations, advertisements, and related ephemera. In addition to collecting hearing devices, Dr. Goldstein collected rare books dealing with communication and disorders of the ear, nose and throat. The CID-Goldstein Collection in Speech and Hearing contains over 700 rare books on the fields of otology, deaf education and speech defects. Both collections are housed at Bernard Becker Medical Library.

Among his many achievements was the founding of The Society of Progressive Oral Advocates in 1918, an organization devoted to oral education of the deaf, and serving as editor of Oralism and Auralism, its official publication. He also founded the St. Louis League of Hard of Hearing, now known as the St. Louis Hearing-Speech Center. Dr. Goldstein was awarded the Gold Medal by the American Laryngological, Rhinological and Otological Society in recognition of his work in the education of the deafened child, the St. Louis Award for his great contributions to humanity, and an honorary LLD degree from Washington University. Dr. Goldstein passed away in July 1941 at the age of 71.

Edgar Monsanto Queeny was an American industrialist. He was the son of Olga Mendez Monsanto and John Francis Queeny, the founder of Monsanto. He followed his father as chairman of the Monsanto corporation from 1928 until his retirement in 1960. He then became the chair of the board of trustees of Barnes Hospital. His efforts to modernize the hospital and the Washington University Medical Center led to the construction of Queeny Tower as well as a dispute between the hospital and Washington University. The resolution of this dispute led to closer ties between the School of Medicine and its associated hospitals. He was also a conservationist and amateur naturalist and photographer.

Gustav Schonfeld was born in 1934 in Munkacs, Hungary ( which is now Mukachevo, Ukraine). In 1944 during World War II, Schonfeld and his family were taken from their home to the Auschwitz concentration camp in Poland. His brother and grandmother died there, and he was separated from his mother until the end of the war. Schonfeld and his father spent over a year transferring between concentration camps at Auschwitz, Warsaw, Dachau,and Muhldorf. During this time, Schonfeld assisted his father, a physician, who was put to work treating sick prisoners at each of the camps.

After the war, Schonfeld and his parents immigrated to the St. Louis area in 1946. Although he did not know English when he arrived in the U.S., he quickly learned while attending public school in East St. Louis. Schonfeld attended Washington University, earning a bachelor’s degree in 1956,and a medical degree in 1960. After residency in Internal Medicine at New York University, he returned to Washington University in 1963 as chief resident at Jewish Hospital. He subsequently served as a fellow in endocrinology and metabolism at Barnes Hospital. He spent two years as a research flight medical officer with the U.S. Air Force School of Aerospace Medicine and two years at MIT as associate professor of nutrition. He then returned to St. Louis and joined the School of Medicine faculty in 1972 as associate professor of Preventive Medicine and of Internal Medicine and director of the Lipid Research division, becoming a full professor in 1977.

Schonfeld served as acting chair of the Department of Preventive Medicine for three years before he was named the Kountz Professor of Medicine in 1987. From 1996 to 1999, he served as Adolphus Busch Professor, chair of the Department of Internal Medicine, and physician-in-chief at Barnes-Jewish Hospital, before returning full-time to his research on lipid metabolism. He became the Samuel E. Schechter Professor of Medicine in 2001. He was a fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, a member of the American Society for Clinical Investigation and the Association of American Physicians. In 1995, he received an Alumni/Faculty Award from the Washington University Medical Center Alumni Association.

Dr. Donald L. Thurston, 77 a prominent pediatrician, who practiced in St. Louis for half a century died in December 1987. Don L. Thurston, MD, was also a Washington University professor of pediatrics and a professor emeritus of pediatrics. He joined the faculty of the department of Pediatrics in 1947 and retired in 1979. He and his wife, Dr. Jean Holowach Thurston collaborated on multiple research projects in pediatric epilepsy based on cases at St. Louis Children's Hospital and the Pediatric Convulsive Clinic.

Donald Lionell Thurston earned a Bachelor of Science at Vanderbilt University in 1934 and also an M.D. From Vanderbilt University School in 1937. Jean Holowach and Donald L. Thurston met in the 1940s in the Department of Pediatrics at Washington University. They married in 1949.

During his long career he specialized in general prediatrics and treatment of allergies. He was also on the medical staff of St. Louis Children's Hospital where he retired in 1985?. He was a member for many years of the Missouri Chapter of the American Academy of Pediatrics, serving as chairman from 1977-1985. He was director of the first Birth Defect Center at St. Louis Children's Hospital from 1964-1970.

Sidney Jick was a graduate of Washington University School of Medicine in the class of ?. He was the son of the late Morris E. and the late Fanny Jick.

Dr. Kanwaljeet S. Anand graduated from M.G.M. Medical College, Indore (India). As a Rhodes Scholar at the University of Oxford, he received the D.Phil. degree, followed by post-doctoral training at Harvard Medical School. He has practiced as a Pediatrician for the past 38 years, taking care of critically ill, or injured and traumatized children, adolescents, and young adults.

As a medical scientist, his research was recognized with awards from the British Paediatric Association (1986), American Academy of Pediatrics (1992), International Association for Study of Pain (1994), American Pain Society (2000), Royal College of Paediatrics & Child Health (2004). In 2009, he received the highest international honor in Pediatrics, awarded by the Swedish Academy of Medicine every 5 years, the Nils Rosén von Rosenstein Award. He was chosen to present the “In Praise of Medicine” Public Address at 100th Anniversary of Erasmus University Medical Center (2013), the Journées Nationales de Néonatologie Keynote Address at The Pasteur Institute (2015), received the Nightingale Excellence Award from Stanford Children’s Healthcare (2016), and was awarded an Honorary Doctorate by Örebro University in Sweden (2019).

His community service helped to launch the Harmony Health Clinic (providing free-of-cost medical and dental care since 2008), served victims of the 2010 Haiti earthquake and several other natural disasters. He received the Father Joseph Biltz Award (2007) from the National Conference for Community & Justice and the Dr. Martin Luther King “Salute to Greatness” Individual Award (2008) from the Governor of Arkansas.

He has authored more than 275 leading scientific articles, edited 9 books/journal issues, and published numerous other monographs, book chapters, and national guidelines. He is currently a Professor of Pediatrics, Anesthesiology, Perioperative & Pain Medicine at Stanford University School of Medicine.

Ms. Ann Armstrong-Dailey, founder of Children’s Hospice International, has devoted a lifetime of service to creating policy protections and ensuring that all ill children may have access to palliative services as they need them. Ms. Armstrong-Dailey was born in San Francisco in 1940 and experienced the loss of her parents and a sibling through war and illness. When Ms. Armstrong-Dailey lost her brother at sea in 1969 during the Vietnam conflict, she found she had no support from healthcare or policy. This drove her to seek action and investigate thanatology globally. Ms. Armstrong-Dailey then began to travel abroad seeking ideas and successful models of palliative care for dying children; however she was met with provider resistance and closed doors. She then formed the Children’s Hospice International organization “out of sheer, unadulterated anger” so that there would at least be someone starting the policy work around patient and family advocacy for palliative services. Ms. Armstrong-Dailey describes her most important impact on the field of pediatric palliative care to be in awareness of the issue that children could have better care when critically ill. Ms. Armstrong-Dailey is still actively improving access to services for children with life-threatening conditions with Children’s Hospice International.

Dr. Carter is a 1979 graduate (Magna cum Laude) of David Lipscomb College in Nashville, TN and a 1983 graduate (With Honors) of the University of Tennessee College of Medicine. He is a board-certified Neonatologist who has practiced in academic medicine for 30 years. He is also trained in bioethics and palliative care.

His current practice focuses on providing follow-up care to NICU graduates and serving as a consultant neonatologist in the Fetal Health Center, where he counsels families. He is the local PI for the NIH funded multi-site Environmental impacts on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) study of a cohort of babies born <30 weeks’ gestation. He publishes, lectures, and teaches in biomedical ethics and is the Co-Director of the CMH Certificate Program in Pediatric Bioethics.

He is a pioneer in pediatric palliative, having contributed to the field for 20 years, and presently focuses on neonatal-perinatal palliative care. He has authored over 100 peer-reviewed articles and 30 book chapters addressing pediatric and neonatal care, ethics and palliative care, and is a contributing author and editor of Merenstein & Gardner’s Handbook of Neonatal Intensive Care, the 1st textbook on pediatric palliative care: Palliative Care for Infants, Children & Adolescents, and the 1st textbook on neonatal-perinatal palliative care: Handbook of Perinatal & Neonatal Palliative Care.

Dr. Carter is a past chairman of the AAP’s Section on Hospice & Palliative Medicine and has received honors from the National Hospice & Palliative Care Organization (2003), the William A. Silverman Lecture in Ethics from the Pediatric Academic Societies (2008), and in 2018 he received the William T. and Marjorie Sirridge Endowed Professorship in Medical Humanities & Bioethics at the University of Missouri-Kansas City, School of Medicine. He previously served on the faculty of Vanderbilt University and the Medical College of Georgia after retiring from the US Army as a Lieutenant Colonel in 1996.

Dr. Stephen Connor, PhD is a clinical psychologist, researcher, palliative care consultant, and currently the Executive Director of Worldwide Hospice Palliative Care Alliance (WHPCA), where he develops palliative care programs in Sub-Saharan Africa, Eastern Europe, Asia, and Latin America. Dr. Connor has 44 years of experience as a leader in developing and implementing hospice and palliative care programs domestically in the U.S., and internationally. He has served in numerous leadership roles in this field, including service as the CEO of several of the first U.S. hospice programs, chairing the International Work Group on Death, Dying, & Bereavement, eleven years as Vice-President for Research and Development at the National Hospice & Palliative Care Organization, and serving as a member of the Editorial Board of the Journal of Pain and Symptom Management. Dr. Connor has published over 125 journal articles, books, book chapters, and reviews. He is currently studying bereavement and health, denial in the terminally ill, outcome & global measurement in palliative care, and evidence-based care for the dying.

Dr. Charles “Chuck” Corr, PhD., M.A., invested over 40 years into publications of research on pediatric and adolescent death, dying, and bereavement. He has held numerous leadership roles including Professor Emeritus in the department of Philosophical Studies at Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, former chairperson of the International Work Group on Death, Dying, and Bereavement, and membership of the executive committee of the National Donor Family Council. He has been recognized with numerous awards and authored and co-authored over 40 books, 130 journals and book chapters, 110 newsletter articles, and over 70 electronic publications. While now retired, Dr. Corr continues to edit and co-produces NHPCO’s quarterly Pediatric E-Journal (formerly ChiPPS E-Journal).

Dr. Tomasz Dangel initially began his career as a pediatric anesthesiologist and oversaw Pain Management at the Memorial Hospital Children’s Health Centre in Warsaw, Poland. During his time working in the in the pediatric intensive care unit, he witnessed many children die while receiving aggressive and “inadequate life-prolonging treatment” where he thought it would be more appropriate to offer an option for end-of-life support.

Through a course he attended in 1991 and several pediatric hospice visits abroad, Dr. Dangel discovered adult palliative care practices and pediatric hospice practices, thus beginning his advocacy for a specialized pediatric palliative care practice at his home institution. Dr. Dangel envisioned a palliative service that would complement his in-patient pain management department. Unfortunately, his home institution and several others in Poland rejected his vision and failed to recognize the medical and spiritual need for a pediatric palliative service.

Dr. Dangel consciously chose to “splendid[ly] isolate[e]” himself from “inhumane hospital medicine,” and continued to work on gathering support and evidence for pediatric palliative medicine. He eventually established the first pediatric hospice in Poland.

Dr. Dangel has since successfully initiated pediatric and perinatal palliative care in Poland, established multiple children’s hospices in Poland, opened an educational centers, conducted and published 15 epidemiological studies on pediatric palliative home care in Poland, co-authored the Polish standards of Pediatric Palliative Home Care and Perinatal Palliative Care, established the first committee of clinical ethics, and continues to research pregnancy and perinatal nutritional needs. He retired from the Warsaw Hospice for Children in 2020 after 25 years of medical work.

Dr. Betty Davies, RN, BScN, MN, PhD., devoted her fifty-year career to the international development of death, dying, and bereavement practices in pediatrics. Dr. Davies is an Adjunct Professor and Senior Scholar University of Victoria School of Nursing and Professor Emerita of Family Health Care Nursing at the University of California, San Francisco. She is a co-founder of Canuck Place Children’s Hospice, the first free-standing pediatric hospice in North America. She has published over 100 articles in refereed journals, been reported in approximately 200 publications, held leadership roles in multiple organizations addressing death, dying, and bereavement, authored over 40 book chapters in addition to 3 books and 6 co-edited books. Dr. Davies has retired twice, and is now officially retired, but continues to be active in research, presenting, and mentoring.

Sister Frances Dominica trained in nursing at The Hospital for Sick Children, Great Ormond Street Hospital and the Middlesex Hospital during the 1960s. She then entered the Society of All Saints Sisters of the Poor, an Anglican religious community, and was elected Mother Superior in 1977. After one transitional experience she had working with the family of a chronically ill child, Sister Frances founded Helen House, the first pediatric hospice in the world, to provide a holistic family care service for those who were caring for children with life-shortening conditions. Sister Dominica also identified similar care needs for young adults, to which she responded by founding the Douglas House, with the objective of providing respite care for families of young adults progressive life-shortening conditions. Her trailblazing work in developing the field of pediatric palliative care has been internationally acclaimed and her models of care adopted in many countries including South Africa, Japan, and the United States. Sister Frances Dominica is a Deputy Lieutenant of the County of Oxfordshire, an honorary fellow of the U.K. Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health and of The Royal College of Nursing. Sister Frances now works with homeless people.

Dr. Kathleen Faulkner is currently the Medical Director and a Hospice and Palliative Care Physician for the VNA Care Hospice and Palliative Medicine. In her 50-year career in palliative and care, Dr. Faulkner has served in many leadership capacities, such as the Medical Director for other Hospice organizations, faculty for Harvard University and Tufts School of Medicine, reviewer for numerous academic journals, board member of many domestic and international palliative and hospice organizations, author of over 20 peer-reviewed articles and texts, as well as winner of dozens of excellence in leadership awards.

Dr. Faulkner has consistently been a driver of change and was one of the first physicians certified in hospice and palliative medicine. Dr. Faulkner continues to contribute to the field of hospice and palliative care by giving frequent local and national lectures and authoring texts on clinical issues in hospice and palliative care.

Dr. Betty Ferrell, PhD, RN, has invested over 40 years practicing and researching hospice and palliative care practices for pediatric and adult care. Dr. Ferrell currently serves as the Director and Professor of Nursing Research and Education at City of Hope National Medical Center, where she has worked for more than 30 years. She is the Principal Investigator of the End of Life Nursing Education Consortium (ELNEC) project. Dr. Ferrell has authored and co-authored over 440 journal articles and numerous books, chapters, and monographs. Dr. Ferrell has been awarded for her work throughout her career, and most was inducted as a member of the National Academy of Medicine in 2019.

Dr. Gerri Frager originally began her career as an obstetrical and emergency room nurse. This experience exposed her to several service gaps that negatively impacted patients, families, and providers alike. Dr. Frager then entered medicine and trained in adult palliative care, which she later used to develop a pediatric palliative and pain management practice. She worked for over a decade developing and establishing the field of pediatric palliative care and some best practices with the support of other pediatric professionals internationally. Dr. Frager went on to author and coauthor a plethora of journal articles, books, columns, in addition to becoming the founding Medical Director of the Pediatric Palliative Care Service at the IWK Health Center in Halifax, Nova Scotia, the Director of the Humanities for the Healing and Education through the Arts & Life Skills (HEALS) program at Dalhousie University, as well as a mentor and guide to many. Now happily retired with her husband, Dr. Frager enjoys writing poetry, water coloring, photography, cooking, and teaching in her pottery studio.