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International Society of Surgery was founded 1902 in Brussels. Its headquarters are in Brussels.

In 1950 Irene W. (Mrs. Oscar) Johnson donated $235,000 to Washington University for the establishment of a medical rehabilitation facility as a unit of the McMillan Hospital. In October 1959 the Irene Walter Johnson Institute of Rehabilitation opened at 509 S. Euclid Avenue, between the McMillan Hospital and the Washington University Clinics. Services of the Institute were coordinated through the Washington University School of Medicine’s Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health.
Source: Women in the Health Sciences http://beckerexhibits.wustl.edu/mowihsp/win/Timeline/IWJInstitute.htm

In 1902, The Jewish Hospital of St. Louis opened at 5415 Delmar Boulevard. Prior attempts to create such a hospital had cited the need to care for the poor Jewish refugees of St. Louis; however, when the Jewish Hospital become a reality, it did so under the directive to afford care to the sick and disabled of, "any creed or nationality." By 1905, additions to the original hospital building were already required to accommodate more patients, marking the first in a long line of expansions the Jewish Hospital would undergo over the years.

By 1915, the hospital was treating close to 2,000 patients annually. The following years made it clear that further expansion was needed, and in 1920 the hospital purchased land on Kingshighway Boulevard for the purpose of erecting a larger hospital building. The Delmar location was sold, and, following years of construction and funding campaigns, the hospital at 216 South Kingshighway Boulevard was dedicated in May 1926. By the end of 1927, the new building's first full year in operation, the hospital had treated 5,146 patients. In 1951, a plan was finalized which provided for the integration of three St. Louis Jewish health agencies into what would become the Jewish Hospital Medical Center. The Jewish Hospital of St. Louis merged its operations with those of the Jewish Sanatorium, the Miriam Rosa Bry Convalescent-Rehabilitation Hospital of St. Louis, and the Jewish Medical Social Service Bureau. To accommodate the operations and patients of these health agencies, the Jewish Hospital was required to expand at its Kingshighway location. A building expansion program which included the addition of two new buildings and a six-story wing created room for the patients of the three other agencies to be moved to the newly named Jewish Hospital Medical Center in 1956.

Over its years of growth, Jewish Hospital and its staff have achieved several medical firsts, including performing the first successful in vitro fertilization in Missouri in 1985 and creating the first major in-patient child psychiatric service in the St. Louis area in 1958. When Washington University Medical School and Associated Hospitals (WUMSAH) was formed in 1962, Jewish Hospital was one of the original participating institutions, and in 1963 Jewish Hospital became a major teaching affiliate of Washington University Medical School.

In November 1992, Barnes and Jewish Hospitals signed an affiliation agreement, agreeing to pool resources wherever possible. This affiliation agreement was completed in March 1993 to create Barnes-Jewish, Incorporated (BJI). In April of 1993, BJI and Christian Health Services announced that they would affiliate to create BJC Health System, an affiliation which was finalized in June 1993. In January of 1996, a merger of Barnes and Jewish Hospital, built on the sharing of resources which began with the completion of the affiliation agreement in 1993, was legally completed, and the two became the present day Barnes-Jewish Hospital. Barnes-Jewish Hospital is consistently ranked among the best hospitals in America by U.S. News and World Report.

M. Kenton King (1924-2009) became the first full-time dean of Washington University School of Medicine in 1965, a position he retained until his retirement in 1989 and thereby making him one of the longest-serving Medical School deans in the United States. His tenure brought much acclaim to the School of Medicine both academically, with the recruitment of new heads in every department, and physically, with the addition of the McDonnell Medical Sciences Building, Clinical Sciences Research Building, Becker Medical Library, and the renovation of the East Building. King's leadership also affected the composition of the student body as his recruitment efforts brought more minority and female students to Washington University.

Born on November 13, 1924, in Oklahoma City, King began his undergraduate studies at the University of Oklahoma. World War II interrupted his academic pursuits when he joined the U.S. Navy in 1943. He participated in the Battle of Okinawa and attained the rank of lieutenant prior to his discharge in 1946. A year later, King earned his bachelor's degree from the University of Oklahoma and decided to attend Vanderbilt University's School of Medicine on the G.I. Bill. He graduated in 1951, ranked seventh in his class. King then completed an internship and a residency at Barnes Hospital in St. Louis, becoming chief resident in 1955. When his mentor, W. Barry Wood, transferred to Johns Hopkins University in 1955, King followed and completed a fellowship in microbiology. He returned to Washington University in 1957 as a member of the preventive medicine faculty and head of the Student Health Service.

King's administrative contributions to Washington University School of Medicine began as associate dean in 1961, until he was promoted to dean of the School of Medicine in 1965. In 1967, he also became the first Danforth Professor of Medicine and Public Health. King met his wife, June Greenfield King, at Barnes Hospital. A 1951 graduate of the Washington University School of Nursing, June was also the head nurse on a Barnes Hospital medical and surgical ward. After his retirement in 1989, King remained active in university affairs, organizing the School of Medicine's 100th anniversary celebration in 1991. King died on October 15, 2009.

Paul E. Lacy was a professor emeritus of Washington University School of Medicine and a pioneer in the treatment of diabetes, having developed islet transplantation in the 1950s. He graduated from the Ohio State University with a B.S. in 1944 and a M.D. in 1948. Lacy completed graduate work in anatomy and experimental pathology at the Mayo Clinic and received a Ph.D. in the discipline from the University of Minnesota in 1955. In the same year, Washington University School of Medicine appointed him to be an assistant professor in the Department of Anatomy. It was during that time Lacy began his groundbreaking research of endocrine cells in the pancreas that led to the discovery and success of islet transplants as an experimental treatment for Type I diabetes mellitus throughout the 1970s and 1980s.

Due to his rising reputation for his research, Lacy was named the Edward Mallinckrodt Professor and chair of the Department of Pathology in 1961, which he held for 23 years until his retirement in 1984. Along with his work in medicine, Lacy was elected to the National Academy of Sciences and helped create the Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation.

Rita Levi-Montalcini was born in Turin, Italy, and graduated summa cum laude from the University of Turin Medical School in 1936 despite her father's objections to her enrolling in college and his his belief that women should not pursue careers. Levi-Montalcini completed a specialized degree in neurology and psychiatry in 1940 but was forced to conduct research from her bedroom due to the Fascist laws preventing Italian Jews from practicing medicine or working in universities at that time.

After the war, Levi-Montalcini returned to work as an assistant at the University of Turin Institute of Anatomy. In 1947 she accepted an invitation to collaborate as a research associate with Viktor Hamburger, head of the Zoology Department of Washington University in St. Louis, who had been interested in articles she published in foreign scientific journals. Levi-Montalcini only planned on staying at Washington University for less than one year and ended up staying for 30 years. She became an associate professor of Zoology in 1951, and a full professor in 1958. Levi-Montalcini began dividing her time between St. Louis and Rome in the early 1960s, and established a joint research program between Washington University and the Higher Institute of Health in Rome from 1961-1969. She retired as professor emeritus of Biology in 1977.

Rita Levi-Montalcini shares the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for 1986 with Stanely Cohen for their discoveries of growth factors that expand our understanding of deformities, senile-dementia, delayed wound healing, and tumor diseases. Levi-Montalcini received many additional honors and awards throughout her career, including the Max Weinstein Award given by the United Cerebral Palsy Association in 1963. Levi-Montalcini was the first woman to receive this award. Levi-Montalcini died in Rome, Italy in 2012 at 103 years old, becoming the longest-living Nobel Laureate.

Oliver H. Lowry was born in Chicago and received his master's degree and doctorate in biochemistry from the University of Chicago. He initially lectured at Harvard Medical School, where in 1939 he published his first scientific paper. He worked at the Public Health Research Institute of the City of New York from 1942 to 1947, then moved to Washington University, where he headed the department of pharmacology for the next 29 years and, in the late 1950's, was also dean of the medical school. Also in the 1950's, Lowry found a way of isolating, preparing, weighing, and chemically studying single nerve cells and sub-cellular particles. He pioneered freeze-drying methods to preserve cells and invented a micro-balance that could register less than a millionth of a gram.

Dr. Lowry's early paper on the measurement of protein became one of the most frequently cited studies in scientific literature. He was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1957 and to the National Academy of Sciences in 1964. He retired a distinguished professor emeritus of molecular biology and phamacology. Source: New York Times, July 4, 1996.

When Mrs. Markey died on July 24, 1982, the Lucille P. Markey Charitable Trust was incorporated as a Florida nonprofit organization with 501(c)(3) status. The initial meeting of the Board of Trustees occurred in October 1983, and the Trust's Miami office opened on January 1, 1984. The trust completed all activities on June 15, 1997) http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n89638097

St. Lucia was the patron saint of blind people.

Kenneth M. Ludmerer is a physician-historian who currently serves as the Mabel Dorn Reeder Distinguished Professor in the History of Medicine and professor of medicine at Washington University School of Medicine. He earned his medical degree and a master's degree in the history of medicine from Johns Hopkins University.

Anita Whitney Mackie is a former assistant professor of preventive medicine at Washington University School of Medicine who spent the majority of her career working on health services and agricultural issues in Africa. Born in Belfast, Northern Ireland IN 1930, Mackie holds degrees from McGill University (B. Sc. 1952), Cornell University (M.S., 1954), and Michigan State University (PH.D. Communications, 1962). She originally began her professional career as an agricultural economist in Nigeria for Stanford University and served on Nigerian relief in 1967-1968, but the Biafran War forced her return to the United States. At that point in 1970, she became a member of the Washington University School of Medicine faculty. At Washington University, Mackie acted as a liason between the medical center and the division of Health Care Research. She was assistant professor of Health care services in preventative medicine (communication). In the early 1970s, she was called back to Africa and spent the next two decades working with USAID and the Foreign Service in Chad. In her retirement years, Mackie has lived in Zimbabwe, South Africa, and the U.S.

Sources: curriculum vitae, 1970; Washington University School of Medicine catalog, 1970/71-1973/74

The Medical Library Association was founded as the Association of Medical Librarians on May 2, 1898, by four librarians and four physicians in the office of the Philadelphia Medical Journal at the invitation of George M. Gould, M.D., editor.

Source: https://www.mlanet.org

According to Its Minutes, May 19, 1958, p. 1 and cover, the Metropolitan Board of Freeholders or Metropolitan Joint Board of Freeholders for St. Louis-St. Louis County, Mo. held its first meeting on May 19, 1958.

URI(s): http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n88071443

Benjamin Milder was born in 1915 in St. Louis, Missouri. He graduated from Washington University School of Medicine in 1939, where he served as a longtime clinician and teacher in the department of ophthalmology.

Henry Hodgen Mudd received his medical degree from St. Louis Medical College in 1866. He spent 18 years demonstrating and teaching anatomy at St. Louis Medical College, then served as dean of the faculty from 1896 until his death.

C. Barber Mueller was born in Carlinville, Illinois and earned his medical degree at Washington University School of Medicine in 1942. After completing a surgical internship at Barnes Hospital, Meuller spent three years with the 4th U.S. Marine Division in the Pacific Theater and won a bronze star and two Purple Hearts. When he returned from overseas, Mueller first completed a Rockefeller Fellowship in biochemistry at Harvard Medical School, then a surgical residency at Barnes Hospital. Mueller was Evarts Graham's last chief resident.

After completion of his residency, Mueller was appointed as a full-time faculty member at Washington University School of Medicine in 1951. In 1956, Mueller moved to Syracuse, New York as a Professor of Surgery and Department Chairman at the State University of New York (SUNY) Upstate Medical Center. Mueller moved to Ontario, Canada in 1967 to take a position as Professor of Surgery and Department Chairman at McMaster University. He became an emeritus professor at McMaster in 1983.