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E.V. Cowdry Photographs, Negatives, and Lantern Slides English
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Group portrait of five domestic servents at the Cowdry home, China.

The men each have a handwritten number beneath their feet which corresponds to a caption on the back of the photograph that reads: "1 = Coolie; 2 = Wasli coolie; 3 - Cook - who 'squeezed' so, we won't have him again; 4 = Chang, no. 1 boy; 5 = rickshaw coolie. I wish they were plainer." The term "coolie" was a term implying an unskilled manual laborer or indentured laborer during the 19th and early 20th centuries. The term is now considered derogatory and/or a racial slur.

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